TPMS sensors – everything about tyre pressure monitoring
TPMS stands for Tyre Pressure Monitoring System: a system that continuously monitors tyre pressure and alerts the driver when a tyre is underinflated.
EU legislation
From 1 November 2014, TPMS has been mandatory for all newly type-approved passenger cars in the EU. For roadworthiness tests (MOT/TÃœV/APK) vehicles that had TPMS as original equipment must present a functioning system.
Direct vs. indirect TPMS
- Direct TPMS: each tyre has its own pressure sensor in the valve or on the wheel. The sensor transmits actual pressure to the car's computer. Accurate and reliable.
- Indirect TPMS: uses the ABS system. A flat tyre has a slightly smaller circumference and spins faster; the system detects the difference. Less precise and can malfunction after a wheel change if not reset.
Changing wheels with TPMS
When switching between summer and winter tyres on separate sets of wheels, you have several options:
- TPMS sensors on both sets: purchase extra sensors for the second set and have them programmed (registered) at a garage or tyre centre.
- Universal sensors: compatible with multiple makes and programmable using specialist equipment.
- TPMS emulator: an electronic device that mimics the sensor signal. Only use this if your car does not have direct TPMS.
Without working sensors the TPMS warning light will remain lit on your dashboard. This may result in a failed roadworthiness test if TPMS was originally fitted.
Check tyre pressures
Recommended tyre pressures for your car are found on the fuel filler flap, door jamb sticker or in the owner's manual. The values on our site are indicative: